Refrigerating system



Sept. 3, 1935. w. v. MUSTO REFRIGERATING SYSTEM- Filed Jan. 26, -l934 INVENTOR mam ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,613,161 REFRIGERATING SYSTEM William v. Musto, North Bergen, N. J.

Application January 26, 1934, Serial No. 708,365

' 9 Claims. (c1. se -a) This invention relates to refrigerating systems. In the present type of automatic refrigerating systems,the full pressure developed in the expansion coil by evaporation of the refrigerant is applied to the intake of the compressor, thereby c I! to the expansion coil II from which a pipe i8- greatly overloading the compressor at starting. Such overload is undesirable for many reasons, among them being excessive wear of the compressor, overload of the driving motor, blowout of motor fuse, burnout of motor, etc., all of which seriously impair the eflicient and economical opcration of the system.

Also, by reason of such overload, a stronge motor is required to start the compressor than is requiredto keep it running under normal con 'ditions.

An object of this invention is to prevent overloading of the compressor, thereby avoiding the undesirable conditions above referred to and insuring cflicient and economical operation of the refrigerating system,

'According to this'invention, a valve' is interposed in the. system between the expansion coil and the compressor intake and is actuated in response to the pressure existing in the'system between the valve and the compressor to maintain such pressure at a value not exceeding the normal load forwhich the compressoris designed. With such an arrangement, the compressor cannot be overloaded and eflicient and economical operation of the system will be attained.

Other objects, novel features and advantages switch l2. A pipe l3 leads from the outlet of the compressor Ill through the condenser It to the gas receiver ii. A pipe 16 leads from the receiver lead'sto the valve housing IS. A pipe 20 leads from the valve housing I! to the compressor l0 and a pipe- 2l'leads from the valve to the-switch 3 The "valve housing l9 comprises a casting 22 having threaded sockets in which are received the ends of the pipes l8 and 20. The casting is recessed at 23 and is provided with a central boss tending to move the valve down exceeds the "force Y tending to move the valve'up. By'reason of. the J 24 having a bore 25 terminating in a smaller diameter passageway 26 connecting with the pipe IS. The casting also is provided with a passageway 21 communicating with the pipe 20 and a passageway 28 extends from the bore 25 through the wall 5 of the boss 24. A valve 23 is slidably mounted in the bore 25 and has its lower end tapered to seat in the upper end of the passageway 26, A spring 30 is interposed between the head of the valve 29 and a shoulder on the boss 24. 1

A diaphragm 3| closes the recess 23 and is clamped to the casting by a ring 32 through which pass bolts 34 threaded into thecasting. A bell 35 has screw-threaded connection with the ring 32, making it adjustable toward and away from the casting 22. A headed nipple 36 extends through an opening in the upper end of the bell c and is held in assembled relation by a nut 31, the

connection being sufiic'ient ly loose that the bell may be rotated without rotating the nipple or the nut. The head of the nipple constitutes one end of a bellows member '38, the other end of which has soldered thereto a plate 39, the plate V. being connected to the diaphragm 3|. A pipe leads from the nipple 36 to a passageway 4| in the casting 22 communicating with the pipe 20.

The pressure developed in the coil I1 is applied through the pipe l8 to the bottom end of the valve 29 tending to lift it while the. pressure'in the pipe 20 is applied through the pipe 40' and bellows 38 to the top of the valvetending to close it, the spring 30 tending to maintain the head of the valve in contactwith the diaphragm 3|. The valve will remain closed so long as the force" large area of the bellowsmem'ber' 38, a'very small pressure inthe pipe 20 will hold'the valveclosed against a much higher pressure in thepipe'lfl; The bellows member 38 is so designed and-ad,- 40 justed that any pressure in the pipe2 (I exceeding the normal load for which the compressor is .d'e

signed, willhold the -valve'129 closed against the f pressure at which the switch l2 isset' tc -operate, .the pressure in the pipe ltbeing applied to the switch I2 through the pipe=2l.. Thus, when the switch i2 is closed andihe motor It started; the pressure applied tothe intake ofxthefcompressor.

, I: does not exceed the normal'loadf for which it" is designed and easy startin g'oi thfle compressor -is effected. As operation of the compressor reducespressure in the pipe 20 below'itsjnormal load, the.

force exerted by the bellows 3'8 'onthe valve 29 will decrease, thus permitting the force exerted by the gas in the pipe 18 to lift-the valve 29.

Gas will then flow from the pipe I8 into the pipe 28, but should pressure in the pipe 20 tend to exceed the normal load of the compressor, the force applied by the bellows 38 to the valve 29 will increase again sufllciently to close the valve. This action will continue until the pressure in the pipe l8 does not exceed the normal load for the compressor.

The bellows member may be so adjusted that a vacuum is at all times maintained in. the pipe 20, such condition being desirable in certain types ofrefrigeration. Such adjustment may be effected by rotating the bell 35 to compress the bellows 38 sufiiciently that the force applied thereby to the valve 29 will maintain the valve closed with the desired vacuum in the pipe 20 against pressure in the pipe I8 up to the switch operating pressure. Increase of vacuum in the pipe 20 above the predetermined value will permit contraction of the bellows 38 to lift the diaphragm 3|, thereby permitting gas in the pipe l8 to push up the valve 29 and fiow to the pipe 28. Such flow pipe 2i to the pipe 20 rather than to the pipe l8 as in the modification disclwed in Fig. 1. In this modification, the valve 29 acts as a safety valve in the event that the motor fuse blows out but does not operate during normal operation of the system. When the motor fuse blows out, the valve shuts off when thepressure applied to the intake of the compressor exceeds a predetermined minimum thus preventing full pressure in the coil from being impressed on the intake of compressor. The arrangement of Fig. 3 performs one of the functions of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, but lacks the function of protecting the compressor against overload during normal operation.

With the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, a motor of less power can be used than could be used without the valve and also starting of the system is ,facilitated'by reduction of pressure applied to intake of compressor. The arrangement of Fig. 3 merely facilitates starting "the system after a shut down by protecting the compressor against overload. I

It is of course understood that various modifications may be made inthe system above deof said casing and having one end engaging .said

diaphragm, and a pipe leading from said bellows member to said casing outlet.

2. In a refrigerating system, an expansion coil, a compressor, a casing having an inlet and an outlet, a pipe leading from said coil to said inlet and ,a pipe leading from said outlet to said compressor, a valve movable to open and close said inlet, a diaphragm closing said casing and engaging said valve, a bellows member having one end engaging said diaphragm, a bell enclosing said bellows member and adjustably attached to said casing, and a pipe leading from said bellows member to said casing outlet.

3. In a refrigerating system, an expansion coll, a compressor, a casing having an inlet and an outlet, a pipe leading from said coil to said inlet and a pipe leading from said outlet to said compressor,'a valve movable to open and close said inlet, a diaphragm closing said casing and engaging said valve, 9. bellows member having one end engaging said diaphragm, a belt enclosing said bellows member and adjustably attached to said casing one end of said bellows member being attached to said bell and the other end being attached to said diaphragm, and a pipe leading from said bellows member to said casing outlet.

4. In a refrigerating system, an expansion coil, a compressor, a casing having an inlet and an 4 outlet, a pipe leading from said coil to said inlet and a pipe leading from said outlet to said compressor, a valve movable to open and close said inlet, a diaphragm closing said casing and engaging said valve, a bell having threaded connection with said casing, a bellows member rotatably supported at one end by said bell and connected at its other end to said diaphragm, and a pipe leading from said diaphragm to said casing outlet.

5. In a refrigerating system, a coil, a compressor, a conduit leading from the coil to the compressor, a check valve in said conduit completely controlling flow of refrigerant from said coil to said compressor, and pressure responsive means connected between said valve and compressor for controlling operation of said valve.

6. In a refrigerating system, a coil, a compressor, a conduit leading from the coil to the compressor, a valve in said conduit completely controlling communication between said coil and compressor and operable'in response to pressure developed in the coil to permit flow of said refrigerant from said coil to said compressor, and means responsive to pressure applied to the intake of the compressor for opposing opening movement of said valve.

'7. In a refrigerating system, an expansion coil, a compressor, a valve between the expansion coil and compressor completely controlling communication therebetween, and means responsive to the pressure in the system between the valve and compressor for actuating said valve.

8. In a refrigerating system, an expansion coil, a compressor, a .valve between the expansion coil and compressor completely controlling communication therebetween, and means responsive to the pressure differential across the valve for actuating said valve.

9. In a refrigerating system, an expansion coil, a compressor, a relief valve between said coil and compressor completely controlling communicat'on therebetween, a bellows member attached to. said valve and operative tomove said valve toward closed position with increase of pressure therein, and means forsupplying to said bellows member the pressure existing between said valve and said compressor.

WILLIAM V. MUSTO. 

